Are Swords Legal in the UK

Swords are legal to own in the UK, but there are strict regulations governing their sale, ownership, and use. Certain types of swords, particularly those with a curved blade over 50cm, are prohibited under the Offensive Weapons Act 2019, unless they are made using traditional methods or intended for specific activities such as martial arts or historical re-enactments.

While it is legal to own many types of swords, carrying them in public without a valid reason is generally illegal and can lead to serious penalties, including fines and imprisonment. Swords must be used and stored responsibly, and it is essential to ensure compliance with UK laws to avoid legal consequences.

Types of Swords and Legal Restrictions

In the UK, the legality of owning a sword often depends on its type and intended use. Some swords are considered legal to own, while others are subject to stringent restrictions.

• Decorative Swords: Swords made for decorative purposes, such as those often displayed in homes, can generally be owned without legal repercussions. However, these too may fall under offensive weapons regulations if used or carried inappropriately.
• Antique Swords: These are generally legal to own, especially if they are over 100 years old, as they are considered collectables or historical artefacts. However, caution should still be exercised when displaying or transporting them, as carrying them in public could lead to legal issues.
• Curved Swords: Swords with a curved blade longer than 50cm were banned in the UK under the Offensive Weapons Act 2019. This includes many types of samurai swords. However, there are exemptions for swords that are made using traditional methods, such as hand-forged blades. Additionally, exemptions exist for swords used in martial arts, historical re-enactments, or museum displays.

Purchasing and Selling Swords

The sale of swords in the UK is tightly controlled, with rules designed to prevent dangerous weapons from falling into the wrong hands.

To legally purchase a sword, the buyer must be over the age of 18. Retailers are responsible for ensuring that buyers meet this age requirement, and sales to minors are strictly prohibited. Retailers must also ensure that the swords they sell comply with UK law, meaning they cannot legally sell swords with a curved blade over 50cm unless the item falls under one of the legal exemptions.

Online Sales

With the rise of online shopping, it is important to note that online retailers must adhere to the same regulations as physical shops. Buyers should ensure that they are purchasing from licensed and reputable sellers. There are also restrictions on importing swords from outside the UK. Importing banned sword types, such as curved swords over 50cm that do not meet exemptions, can lead to seizure by HM Revenue and Customs and potential legal consequences for the buyer.

Carrying Swords in Public

The laws surrounding carrying swords in public places are very strict in the UK. In almost all circumstances, it is illegal to carry a sword in public without a legitimate reason. Swords are considered dangerous weapons, and carrying one in a public place can lead to serious legal consequences, including arrest and prosecution under the Criminal Justice Act 1988.

Exceptions to this rule include:

• Historical Re-enactments and Martial Arts: If you are carrying a sword for the purpose of attending a historical re-enactment or martial arts event, this can be seen as a legitimate reason. However, the sword should be transported safely, typically in a case or covering, and should not be readily accessible while in transit.
• Film, Theatre, and Television Productions: Swords being used as props for artistic performances or filming purposes may also be legally carried, but only when specifically required for that purpose and with the appropriate permissions.

Even with these exceptions, caution should be exercised. If stopped by the police while carrying a sword, you must be able to provide a clear and legitimate reason for having it in a public place. Carrying a sword in public without such justification could result in penalties, including fines, imprisonment, or both.

Penalties for Breaching Sword Laws

Breaching the laws surrounding swords can result in significant penalties. If someone is found in possession of a prohibited type of sword, or carrying a sword in public without a valid reason, they may face serious legal consequences.

Penalties can include:

• Confiscation of Swords: If a sword is found to be illegal or carried without permission, it is likely to be confiscated by the police. This applies to both prohibited swords and legal swords that are carried in public without legitimate cause.
• Fines: For lesser offences, such as unintentional breaches of import or sale restrictions, offenders may be subject to fines. The severity of the fine can vary depending on the circumstances.
• Imprisonment: For more serious offences, such as carrying a sword in public or owning a banned type of sword without a lawful excuse, individuals can face imprisonment. Under the Offensive Weapons Act, carrying a bladed weapon without reasonable cause can lead to a sentence of up to 4 years in prison.